Desain/Design Tata Letak Dalam Manajemen Operasi Jasa

Masih Melanjutkan Inisiasi 6 dari materi Manajemen Operasi Jasa, bagi yang ingin download versi POWERPOINT klik Tata_Letak

Tujuan Strategi Tata Letak

Develop an economical layout which will meet the requirements of:

• product design and volume (product strategy)
• process equipment and capacity (process strategy)
• quality of work life (human resource strategy)
• building and site constraints (location strategy

Tipe – Tipe Tata Letak

• Fixed-position layout
• Process-oriented layout
• Office layout
• Retail layout
• Warehouse layout
• Product-oriented layout

What is Facility Layout

1. Location or arrangement of everything within and around buildings
2. Objectives are to maximize

–Customer satisfaction

–Utilization of space, equipment, & people

–Efficient flow of information, material, and people

–Employee morale and safety

Desain Tata Letak harus Mempertimbangkan Objektivitas Berikut:

• Utilisasi ruang, peralatan dan orang yang lebih tinggi
• Aliran informasi yang lebih baik
• Moral karyawan yang lebih baik
• Interaksi dengan pelanggan yang lebih baik
• Fleksibelitas

Tipe – Tipe Tata Letak

• Fixed-position layout “Tata Letak dengan Posis Tetap”

–Memenuhi persyaratan tata letak untuk proyek yang besar dan memakan tempat seperti proyek pembuatan kapal

• Process-oriented layout “Tata Letak berorientasi Proyek”

–Berhubungan dengan produksi dengan volume rendah dan bervariasi tinggi

• Office layout “Tata Letak Kantor”

–Menempatakan para karyawan, peralatan mereka dan ruangan / kantor yang melancarkan aliran informasi

• Retail/service layout “Tata Letak Ritel”

–Menempatkan rak – rak dan memberi tanggapan atas perilaku pelanggan

• Warehouse layout “Tata Letak Gudang”

–Melihat kelebihan atau kekurangan antara ruangan dan sistem penanganan bahan

• Product-oriented layout “Tata Letak yang berorientasi pada Produk”

–Mencari utilisasi karyawan dan mesin yang paling baik dalam produksi yang kontinyu

Layout Strategies

Contoh Layout Kantor

Requirements of a Good Layout

• an understanding of capacity and space requirements
• selection of appropriate material handling equipment
• decisions regarding environment and aesthetics
• identification and understanding of the requirements for information flow
• identification of the cost of moving between the various work areas

Constraints on Layout Objectives

• Product design & volume
• Process equipment & capacity
• Quality of work life
• Building and site

Fixed-Position Layout

• Design is for stationary project
• Workers and equipment come to site
• Complicating factors

–Limited space at site

–Changing material needs

Office Layout

• Design positions people, equipment, & offices for maximum information flow
• Arranged by process or product

–Example: Payroll dept. is by process

• Relationship chart used
• Examples

–Insurance company

–Software company

Retail/Service Layout

• Design maximizes product exposure to customers
• Decision variables

–Store flow pattern

–Allocation of (shelf) space to products

• Types

–Grid design

–Free-flow design

Product-Oriented Requirements

• Standardized product
• High production volume
• Stable production quantities
• Uniform quality of raw materials & components

Product-Oriented Layout Advantages

• Lower variable cost per unit
• Lower material handling costs
• Lower work-in-process inventories
• Easier training & supervision
• Rapid throughput

Product-Oriented Layout Disadvantages

• Higher capital investment

– Special equipment

• Any work stoppage stops whole process
• Lack of flexibility

–Volume

• Product

Untuk lebih lengkap beserta gambar, Selanjutnya silahkan download link power point di awal paragraf